智善 · 共济链接人工智能原则平台

公开（Disclosure）

Companies should clearly disclose to users what data is being collected and how it is being used.

原则: 寻求人工智能的基本规则：建议（Seeking Ground Rules for A.I.: The Recommendations）, Mar 1, 2019

作者：New Work Summit, hosted by The New York Times

相关原则

· Transparency

As AI increasingly changes the nature of work, workers, customers and vendors need to have information about how AI systems operate so that they can understand how decisions are made. Their involvement will help to identify potential bias, errors and unintended outcomes. Transparency is not necessarily nor only a question of open source code. While in some circumstances open source code will be helpful, what is more important are clear, complete and testable explanations of what the system is doing and why. Intellectual property, and sometimes even cyber security, is rewarded by a lack of transparency. Innovation generally, including in algorithms, is a value that should be encouraged. How, then, are these competing values to be balanced? One possibility is to require algorithmic verifiability rather than full algorithmic disclosure. Algorithmic verifiability would require companies to disclose not the actual code driving the algorithm but information allowing the effect of their algorithms to be independently assessed. In the absence of transparency regarding their algorithms’ purpose and actual effect, it is impossible to ensure that competition, labour, workplace safety, privacy and liability laws are being upheld. When accidents occur, the AI and related data will need to be transparent and accountable to an accident investigator, so that the process that led to the accident can be understood.

由 Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI), Canada 在面向工作场所人工智能的G20框架（Toward a G20 Framework for Artificial Intelligence in the Workplace）发表, Jul 19, 2018

T Transparency

Traditionally, many organisations that have developed and now use AI algorithms do not allow public scrutiny as the underlying programming (the source code) is proprietary, kept from public view. Being transparent and opening source material in computer science is an important step. It helps the public to understand better how AI works and therefore it improves trust and prevents unjustified fears.

由 Institute of Business Ethics (IBE) 在 IBE在商业中使用人工智能的基本价值和原则的交互式框架（IBE interactive framework of fundamental values and principles for the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in business）发表, Jan 11, 2018

Transparency

Review mechanisms will ensure citizens can question and challenge AI based outcomes Not only must the people of NSW have high levels of assurance that data is being used safely and in accordance with relevant legislation, they must also have access to an efficient and transparent review mechanism if there are questions about the use of data or AI informed outcomes. The development of AI solutions must be robust technically, legally and ethically. The community should be engaged on the objectives of AI projectsand insights into data use and methodology should be made publicly available unless there is an overriding public interest in not doing so. Projects should clearly demonstrate: a publicly available project objective and planned outcomes how the public can question and seek reviews of AI based decisions how the community can get insights into data use and methodology how the community will be informed of changes to an AI solution, including where existing technology is adapted for another purpose.

由 Government of New South Welsh, Australia 在使用人工智能的强制性道德原则发表, 2024

1. Transparent and explainable

There must be transparent use and responsible disclosure around data enhanced technology like AI, automated decisions and machine learning systems to ensure that people understand outcomes and can discuss, challenge and improve them. This includes being open about how and why these technologies are being used. When automation has been used to make or assist with decisions, a meaningful explanation should be made available. The explanation should be meaningful to the person requesting it. It should include relevant information about what the decision was, how the decision was made, and the consequences. Why it matters Transparent use is the key principle that helps enable other principles while building trust and confidence in government use of data enhanced technologies. It also encourages a dialogue between those using the technology and those who are affected by it. Meaningful explanations are important because they help people understand and potentially challenge outcomes. This helps ensure decisions are rendered fairly. It also helps identify and reverse adverse impacts on historically disadvantaged groups. For more on this, please consult the Transparency Guidelines.

由 Government of Ontario, Canada 在人工智能伦理使用原则[草案]发表, Sept 14, 2023

Notice and Explanation:

You should know when an automated system is being used and understand how and why it contributes to outcomes that impact you.

由 OSTP 在人工智能权利法案蓝图：在算法时代保护我们公民权利的愿景发表, Oct 4, 2022